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PROTOCOL TO THE Protocolo para o

UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE NAÇÕES UNIDAS Convenção - Quadro sobre as alterações climáticas




The Parties to this Protocol , As partes no presente protocolo,



Being Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, hereinafter referred to as "the Convention", Sendo Partes da Convenção - Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre as Alterações Climáticas, a seguir denominada "a Convenção",


In pursuit of the ultimate objective of the Convention as stated in its Article 2, Na prossecução do objectivo último da Convenção como se afirma no seu artigo 2 º,


Recalling the provisions of the Convention, Recordando as disposições da Convenção,

Being guided by Article 3 of the Convention, Sendo guiada pelo artigo 3 º da Convenção,



Pursuant to the Berlin Mandate adopted by decision 1/CP.1 of the Em conformidade com o Mandato de Berlim aprovou por decisão 1/CP.1 da

Conference of the Parties to the Convention at its first session, Conferência das Partes na Convenção, na sua primeira sessão,


Have agreed as follows: Acordaram o seguinte:


Article 1 Artigo 1 º


For the purposes of this Protocol, the definitions contained in Article 1 of the Convention shall apply. Para efeitos do presente protocolo, as definições contidas no artigo 1 º da Convenção aplicam - se. In addition: Além disso:



1. 1. "Conference of the Parties" means the Conference of the Parties to the Convention. "Conferência das Partes" significa a Conferência das Partes da Convenção.



2. 2. "Convention" means the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, adopted in New York on 9 May 1992. "Convenção" significa a Convenção - Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre as Alterações Climáticas, adoptada em Nova Iorque em 9 de Maio de 1992.



3. 3. "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" means the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change established in 1988 jointly by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Programme. "Painel Intergovernamental sobre Alterações Climáticas", o Painel Intergovernamental sobre Alterações Climáticas criado em 1988, conjuntamente pela Organização Meteorológica Mundial e pelo United Nations Environment Programme.



4. 4. "Montreal Protocol" means the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, adopted in Montreal on 16 September 1987 and as subsequently adjusted and amended. "Montreal Protocol", o Protocolo de Montreal relativo às substâncias que empobrecem a camada de ozono, adoptado em Montreal em 16 de Setembro de 1987 e que posteriormente adaptado e alterado.



5. 5. "Parties present and voting" means Parties present and casting an affirmative or negative vote. "Partes presentes e votantes" significa Partes presentes e vazamento de um voto afirmativo ou negativo.



6. 6. "Party" means, unless the context otherwise indicates, a Party to this Protocol. "Parte" significa, salvo indicação em contrário contexto indica, uma parte no presente protocolo.



7. 7. "Party included in Annex I" means a Party included in Annex I to the Convention, as may be amended, or a Party which has made a notification under Article 4, paragraph 2(g), of the Convention. "Parte incluída no anexo I", uma parte incluída no anexo I da Convenção, que pode ser alterado, ou de uma parte que tenha apresentado uma notificação ao abrigo do artigo 4 º, n º 2 (eg), da Convenção.


Article 2 Artigo 2 º


1. 1. Each Party included in Annex I, in achieving its quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3, in order to promote sustainable development, shall: Cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I, na realização das suas quantificados limitação e redução das emissões assumidos ao abrigo do artigo 3, a fim de promover o desenvolvimento sustentável, deve:



(a) Implement and/or further elaborate policies and measures in accordance with its national circumstances, such as: (Um) Implementar e / ou elaborar novas políticas e medidas de acordo com as suas circunstâncias nacionais, tais como:



(i) Enhancement of energy efficiency in relevant sectors of the national economy; : (I) Melhoramento da eficiência energética em setores relevantes da economia nacional;



(ii) Protection and enhancement of sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, taking into account its commitments under relevant international environmental agreements; promotion of sustainable forest management practices, afforestation and reforestation; (B) Protecção e valorização dos sumidouros e reservatórios de gases com efeito de estufa não controladas pelo Protocolo de Montreal, tendo em conta os seus compromissos internacionais pertinentes acordos ambientais; Promoção de práticas de gestão florestal sustentável, a florestação e reflorestação;



(iii) Promotion of sustainable forms of agriculture in light of climate change considerations; (C) A promoção de formas sustentáveis de agricultura à luz das alterações climáticas considerações;



(iv) Research on, and promotion, development and increased use of, new and renewable forms of energy, of carbon dioxide sequestration technologies and of advanced and innovative environmentally sound technologies; (D) Investigação sobre, e promoção, desenvolvimento e uso acrescido de, formas novas e renováveis de energia, sequestro de dióxido de carbono e de tecnologias avançadas e inovadoras tecnologias ecologicamente correctas;



(v) Progressive reduction or phasing out of market imperfections, fiscal incentives, tax and duty exemptions and subsidies in all greenhouse gas emitting sectors that run counter to the objective of the Convention and application of market instruments; (Contra) progressiva redução ou eliminação progressiva do mercado imperfeições, incentivos fiscais, isenções fiscais e aduaneiros e dos subsídios em todos os sectores que emitam gases que contrariem o objectivo da Convenção e aplicação de instrumentos do mercado;



(vi) Encouragement of appropriate reforms in relevant sectors aimed at promoting policies and measures which limit or reduce emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol; (Vi) Promoção de reformas adequadas em sectores relevantes com o objectivo de promover políticas e medidas que limitem ou reduzam as emissões de gases com efeito de estufa não controladas pelo Protocolo de Montreal;



(vii) Measures to limit and/or reduce emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol in the transport sector; (VII) Medidas para limitar e / ou reduzir as emissões de gases com efeito de estufa não controladas pelo Protocolo de Montreal no sector dos transportes;



(viii) Limitation and/or reduction of methane emissions through recovery and use in waste management, as well as in the production, transport and distribution of energy; (Viii) Limitação e / ou redução das emissões de metano através da recuperação e utilização na gestão de resíduos, bem como na produção, transporte e distribuição de energia;



(b) Cooperate with other such Parties to enhance the individual and combined effectiveness of their policies and measures adopted under this Article, pursuant to Article 4, paragraph 2(e)(i), of the Convention. (B) Cooperar com outros tais partes para reforçar a eficácia individual e combinada de suas políticas e medidas adoptadas no âmbito do presente artigo, nos termos do artigo 4 º, n º 2 (ae): (i), da Convenção. To this end, these Parties shall take steps to share their experience and exchange information on such policies and measures, including developing ways of improving their comparability, transparency and effectiveness. Para esse efeito, estas partes devem tomar medidas para compartilhar suas experiências e trocar informações sobre tais políticas e medidas, inclusive desenvolvendo formas de melhorar sua comparabilidade, transparência e eficácia. The Conference of the A Conferência das

Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session or as soon as practicable thereafter, consider ways to facilitate such cooperation, taking into account all relevant information. Partes servindo como a reunião das Partes do presente protocolo, na sua primeira sessão ou tão logo que possível depois de estudar formas de facilitar essa cooperação, tendo em conta todas as informações pertinentes.



2. 2. The Parties included in Annex I shall pursue limitation or reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol from aviation and marine bunker fuels, working through the International Civil Aviation Organization and the International Maritime Organization, respectively. As Partes incluídas no Anexo I devem prosseguir limitação ou redução das emissões de gases com efeito de estufa não controladas pelo Protocolo de Montreal da aviação e combustível de bancas marítimas, que trabalha através da Organização da Aviação Civil Internacional e da Organização Marítima Internacional, respectivamente.



3. 3. The Parties included in Annex I shall strive to implement policies and measures under this Article in such a way as to minimize adverse effects, including the adverse effects of climate change, effects on international trade, and social, environmental and economic impacts on other Parties, especially developing country Parties and in particular those identified in Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9, of the Convention, taking into account Article 3 of the Convention. As Partes incluídas no Anexo I devem envidar esforços no sentido de implementar políticas e medidas ao abrigo do presente artigo, de tal forma que, para minimizar os efeitos adversos, incluindo os efeitos adversos das alterações climáticas, os efeitos sobre o comércio internacional, e sociais, ambientais e económicas impactos sobre as outras partes, Especialmente países em desenvolvimento Partes, em especial aqueles identificados no artigo 4 º, n º s 8 e 9, da Convenção, tendo em conta o artigo 3 da Convenção. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol may take further action, as appropriate, to promote the implementation of the provisions of this paragraph. A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo poderão tomar outras medidas, conforme o caso, para promover a implementação das disposições deste parágrafo.



4. 4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, if it decides that it would be beneficial to coordinate any of the policies and measures in A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo, se decidir que seria benéfico para coordenar qualquer uma das políticas e medidas em

paragraph 1(a) above, taking into account different national circumstances and potential effects, shall consider ways and means to elaborate the coordination of such policies and measures. N º 1 (a) acima, levando em conta as diferentes circunstâncias nacionais e potenciais efeitos, deve considerar modos e meios de elaborar a coordenação de tais políticas e medidas.


Article 3 Artigo 3 º


1. 1. The Parties included in Annex I shall, individually or jointly, ensure that their aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts, calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in Annex B and in accordance with the provisions of this Article, with a view to reducing their overall emissions of such gases by at least 5 per cent below 1990 levels in the commitment period 2008 to 2012. As Partes incluídas no Anexo I devem, individual ou conjuntamente, assegurar que o seu agregado das emissões antropogénicas de dióxido de carbono equivalente dos gases com efeito de estufa constantes do anexo A não excedam suas quantidades atribuídas, calculadas em conformidade com a sua limitação e redução das emissões quantificadas compromissos inscritos no Anexo B E em conformidade com as disposições do presente artigo, com vista a reduzir as suas emissões globais de tais gases em pelo menos 5% abaixo dos níveis de 1990 empenho período de 2008 a 2012.



2. 2. Each Party included in Annex I shall, by 2005, have made demonstrable progress in achieving its commitments under this Protocol. Cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I devem, em 2005, têm feito progressos demonstráveis na realização dos seus compromissos no âmbito do presente protocolo.



3. 3. The net changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks resulting from direct human-induced land-use change and forestry activities, limited to afforestation, reforestation and deforestation since 1990, measured as verifiable changes in carbon stocks in each commitment period, shall be used to meet the commitments under this Article of each Party included in Annex I. The greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks associated with those activities shall be reported in a transparent and verifiable manner and reviewed in accordance with Articles 7 and 8. As variações líquidas nas emissões de gases de estufa por fontes ea remoção por sumidouros resultantes de humano directo - induzida terra - utilização mudança e atividades florestais, limitadas a florestação, a reflorestação e desflorestação, desde 1990, medidas como alterações verificáveis no estoque de carbono em cada período de compromisso, deverão Ser utilizados para cumprir os compromissos no âmbito do presente artigo de cada parte incluída no anexo I. As emissões de gases de estufa por fontes ea remoção por sumidouros associadas às actividades serão relatados em uma forma transparente e verificável e revistas em conformidade com o disposto nos artigos 7 º e 8 º.



4. 4. Prior to the first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, each Party included in Annex I shall provide, for consideration by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, data to establish its level of carbon stocks in 1990 and to enable an estimate to be made of its changes in carbon stocks in subsequent years. Antes da primeira sessão da Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo, cada parte incluída no anexo I devem fornecer, para apreciação pelo órgão subsidiário para Aconselhamento Científico e Tecnológico, dados para estabelecer o seu nível de carbono Existências em 1990 e para permitir uma estimativa a ser feita das suas mudanças no estoque de carbono nos anos subseqüentes. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session or as soon as practicable thereafter, decide upon modalities, rules and guidelines as to how, and which, additional human-induced activities related to changes in greenhouse gas emissions by sources and removals by sinks in the agricultural soils and the land-use change and forestry categories shall be added to, or subtracted from, the assigned amounts for Parties included in Annex I, taking into account uncertainties, transparency in reporting, verifiability, the methodological work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the advice provided by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice in accordance with Article 5 and the decisions of the Conference of the Parties. A Conferência das Partes servindo como a reunião das Partes do presente protocolo, na sua primeira sessão ou tão logo que possível depois disso, decidir sobre as modalidades, regras e orientações sobre a forma, e que, mais humano - induzida actividades relacionadas com alterações Nas emissões de gases de estufa por fontes ea remoção por sumidouros no solos agrícolas e as terras de uso mudança e silvicultura categorias serão adicionadas a, ou subtraídas das, o montante atribuído para partes incluídas no Anexo I, tendo em conta as incertezas, a transparência na comunicação , Verificabilidade, o trabalho metodológico do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Alterações Climáticas, a assessoria prestados pela Subsidiary Body para Aconselhamento Científico e Tecnológico em conformidade com o artigo 5 º e as decisões da Conferência das Partes. Such a decision shall apply in the second and subsequent commitment periods. Tal decisão aplica - se no segundo e empenho períodos subsequentes. A Party may choose to apply such a decision on these additional human-induced activities for its first commitment period, provided that these activities have taken place since 1990. A Parte poderá optar por aplicar essa decisão sobre estas actividades adicionais induzidas humanos - para o seu primeiro período de compromisso, desde que estas actividades tiveram lugar desde 1990.



5. 5. The Parties included in Annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy whose base year or period was established pursuant to decision 9/CP.2 of the Conference of the Parties at its second session shall use that base year or period for the implementation of their commitments under this Article. As Partes incluídas no Anexo I em processo de transição para uma economia de mercado cujo ano base ou período foi criada ao abrigo da decisão 9/CP.2 da Conferência das Partes, na sua segunda sessão, será utilizado o ano base ou período de execução Dos seus compromissos no âmbito do presente artigo. Any other Party included in Annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy which has not yet submitted its first national communication under Article 12 of the Convention may also notify the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol that it intends to use an historical base year or period other than 1990 for the implementation of its commitments under this Article. Qualquer outra Parte incluída no anexo I atravessa o processo de transição para uma economia de mercado que ainda não apresentou a sua primeira comunicação nacional nos termos do artigo 12 da Convenção podem também notificar a Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo que Que tenciona utilizar um histórico do ano base ou período diferente daquele de 1990 para a execução dos seus compromissos no âmbito do presente artigo. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall decide on the acceptance of such notification. A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo tomará uma decisão sobre a aceitação de tal notificação.



6. 6. Taking into account Article 4, paragraph 6, of the Convention, in the implementation of their commitments under this Protocol other than those under this Article, a certain degree of flexibility shall be allowed by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol to the Parties included in Annex I undergoing the process of transition to a market economy. Tendo em conta o artigo 4 º, n º 6, da Convenção, na implementação dos seus compromissos no âmbito do presente protocolo, com excepção dos previstos no presente artigo, um certo grau de flexibilidade serão permitidas pela Conferência das Partes servindo como a reunião das Partes Ao presente protocolo para as partes incluídas no Anexo I em processo de transição para uma economia de mercado.



7. 7. In the first quantified emission limitation and reduction commitment period, from Na primeira quantificados limitação e redução das emissões compromisso período, a partir de

2008 to 2012, the assigned amount for each Party included in Annex I shall be equal to the percentage inscribed for it in Annex B of its aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A in 1990, or the base year or period determined in accordance with paragraph 5 above, multiplied by five. De 2008 a 2012, a quantidade atribuída para cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I será igual à percentagem por ela inscritos no Anexo B do seu agregado das emissões antropogénicas de dióxido de carbono equivalente dos gases com efeito de estufa constantes do anexo A, em 1990, ou o ano base ou Período determinado de acordo com o parágrafo 5 acima, multiplicado por cinco. Those Parties included in Annex I for whom land-use change and forestry constituted a net source of greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 shall include in their 1990 emissions base year or period the aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions by sources minus removals by sinks in 1990 from land-use change for the purposes of calculating their assigned amount. Essas partes incluídas no Anexo I, para os quais terras - utilização mudança ea silvicultura constituíam uma fonte líquida de emissões de gases de estufa em 1990 deve incluir, em 1990, as suas emissões do ano base ou período, o agregado equivalente dióxido de carbono das emissões antropogénicas por fontes menos remoções por sumidouros em 1990 a partir de Terras de uso mudar para efeitos do cálculo sua quantidade atribuída.



8. 8. Any Party included in Annex I may use 1995 as its base year for hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in paragraph 7 above. Qualquer Parte incluída no Anexo I pode utilizar 1995 como o ano base para hidrofluorocarbonetos, perfluorocarbonetos e hexafluoreto de enxofre, para efeitos do cálculo referido no n º 7, supra.



9. 9. Commitments for subsequent periods for Parties included in Annex I shall be established in amendments to Annex B to this Protocol, which shall be adopted in accordance with the provisions of Article 21, paragraph 7. As autorizações por períodos subsequentes de partes incluídas no Anexo I será estabelecido em alterações ao Anexo B do presente protocolo, que será adoptada em conformidade com o disposto no artigo 21 º, n º 7. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall initiate the consideration of such commitments at least seven years before the end of the first commitment period referred to in paragraph 1 above. A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo dará início à consideração de tais compromissos pelo menos sete anos antes do final do primeiro período de compromisso a que se refere o n º 1 acima.



10. 10. Any emission reduction units, or any part of an assigned amount, which a Party acquires from another Party in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 or of Article 17 shall be added to the assigned amount for the acquiring Party. Qualquer unidades de redução de emissões, ou qualquer parte de uma quantidade atribuída, que uma Parte adquira de outra Parte em conformidade com as disposições do artigo 6 º ou do artigo 17 º será adicionada à quantidade atribuída para a aquisição de parte.



11. 11. Any emission reduction units, or any part of an assigned amount, which a Party transfers to another Party in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 or of Article 17 shall be subtracted from the assigned amount for the transferring Party. Qualquer unidades de redução de emissões, ou qualquer parte de uma quantidade atribuída, que uma parte transfere para outra parte em conformidade com o disposto no artigo 6 º ou do artigo 17 º deve ser deduzida do montante atribuído para a transferência de parte.



12. 12. Any certified emission reductions which a Party acquires from another Party in accordance with the provisions of Article 12 shall be added to the assigned amount for the acquiring Party. Quaisquer reduções certificadas de emissões que uma Parte adquira de outra Parte em conformidade com as disposições do artigo 12 º será adicionada à quantidade atribuída para a aquisição de parte.



13. 13. If the emissions of a Party included in Annex I in a commitment period are less than its assigned amount under this Article, this difference shall, on request of that Party, be added to the assigned amount for that Party for subsequent commitment periods. Se as emissões de uma Parte incluída no Anexo I em um período de compromisso forem inferiores a sua quantidade atribuída nos termos do presente artigo, essa diferença deve, a pedido da Parte em questão, ser adicionado ao montante atribuído para essa parte para o compromisso períodos subsequentes.



14. 14. Each Party included in Annex I shall strive to implement the commitments mentioned in paragraph 1 above in such a way as to minimize adverse social, environmental and economic impacts on developing country Parties, particularly those identified in Article 4, paragraphs 8 and 9, of the Convention. Cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I devem envidar esforços no sentido de implementar os compromissos mencionados no parágrafo 1 acima, de tal forma que, para minimizar efeitos adversos sociais, ambientais e económicas impactos sobre países em desenvolvimento Partes, em especial aqueles identificados no artigo 4 º, n º s 8 e 9, do Convenção. In line with relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties on the implementation of those paragraphs, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, consider what actions are necessary to minimize the adverse effects of climate change and/or the impacts of response measures on Parties referred to in those paragraphs. Em conformidade com as decisões da Conferência das Partes sobre a implementação desses parágrafos, a Conferência das Partes servindo como a reunião das Partes do presente protocolo, na sua primeira sessão, considerar quais as acções são necessárias para minimizar os efeitos adversos Das alterações climáticas e / ou os impactos de medidas em resposta partes referidas nesses números. Among the issues to be considered shall be the establishment of funding, insurance and transfer of technology. Entre as questões a ter em consideração será o estabelecimento de financiamentos, seguros e transferência de tecnologia.




Article 4 Artigo 4 º






1. 1. Any Parties included in Annex I that have reached an agreement to fulfil their commitments under Article 3 jointly, shall be deemed to have met those commitments provided that their total combined aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in Annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in Annex B and in accordance with the provisions of Article 3. Qualquer Partes incluídas no Anexo I, que chegaram a um acordo para cumprir os seus compromissos ao abrigo do artigo 3 º em conjunto, considerar - se - á ter cumprido os compromissos desde que a sua total combinado agregar as emissões antropogénicas de dióxido de carbono equivalente dos gases com efeito de estufa constantes do anexo A não excedam Os seus montantes atribuídos calculado nos termos da sua limitação e redução das emissões quantificadas compromissos inscritos no Anexo B, e em conformidade com as disposições do artigo 3. The respective emission level allocated to each of the Parties to the agreement shall be set out in that agreement. O respectivo nível de emissão atribuídos a cada uma das partes no acordo serão definidos nesse acordo.



2. 2. The Parties to any such agreement shall notify the secretariat of the terms of the As partes de qualquer acordo desse tipo deve notificar o secretariado dos termos do

agreement on the date of deposit of their instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval of this Protocol, or accession thereto. Acordo sobre a data de depósito dos seus instrumentos de ratificação, aceitação ou aprovação do presente protocolo, ou de adesão à mesma. The secretariat shall in turn inform the Parties and signatories to the Convention of the terms of the agreement. O secretariado, por sua vez, informará as Partes e signatários da Convenção dos termos do acordo.



3. 3. Any such agreement shall remain in operation for the duration of the commitment period specified in Article 3, paragraph 7. Qualquer acordo desse tipo deve manter - se em funcionamento durante o período de vigência do compromisso período especificado no artigo 3 º, n º 7.



4. 4. If Parties acting jointly do so in the framework of, and together with, a regional Se partes agindo conjuntamente fazê - lo no quadro de, e em conjunto com, a nível regional

economic integration organization, any alteration in the composition of the organization after adoption of this Protocol shall not affect existing commitments under this Protocol. Organização de integração económica, qualquer alteração na composição da organização após a aprovação do presente Protocolo não prejudica compromissos existentes no âmbito do presente protocolo. Any alteration in the composition of the organization shall only apply for the purposes of those commitments under Article 3 that are adopted subsequent to that alteration. Qualquer alteração na composição da organização só são aplicáveis para efeitos de tais compromissos no âmbito do artigo 3, que são adoptadas posteriormente à referida alteração.



5. 5. In the event of failure by the Parties to such an agreement to achieve their total Em caso de incumprimento pelas partes para um acordo desse tipo para conseguir a sua total

combined level of emission reductions, each Party to that agreement shall be responsible for its own level of emissions set out in the agreement. Combinada nível das reduções de emissões, cada Parte nesse acordo deverão ser responsável pelo seu próprio nível de emissões estabelecidos no acordo.



6. 6. If Parties acting jointly do so in the framework of, and together with, a regional Se partes agindo conjuntamente fazê - lo no quadro de, e em conjunto com, a nível regional

economic integration organization which is itself a Party to this Protocol, each member State of that regional economic integration organization individually, and together with the regional economic integration organization acting in accordance with Article 24, shall, in the event of failure to achieve the total combined level of emission reductions, be responsible for its level of emissions as notified in accordance with this Article. Organização de integração económica que é por si só uma parte no presente Protocolo, cada Estado membro dessa organização regional de integração económica a nível individual, e em conjunto com a organização regional de integração económica actuando em conformidade com o artigo 24 º, devem, em caso de fracasso para atingir o total combinado Nível das reduções de emissões, ser responsável pelo seu nível de emissões como notificado em conformidade com o disposto neste artigo.





Article 5 Artigo 5 º





1. 1. Each Party included in Annex I shall have in place, no later than one year prior to the start of the first commitment period, a national system for the estimation of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol. Cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I devem dispor de, o mais tardar um ano antes do início do primeiro período de compromisso, um sistema nacional para a estimativa das emissões antropogénicas por fontes ea remoção por sumidouros de todos os gases com efeito de estufa não controlados pelo Montreal Protocolo. Guidelines for such national systems, which shall incorporate the methodologies specified in paragraph 2 below, shall be decided upon by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol at its first session. Orientações para tais sistemas nacionais, que devem incorporar as metodologias especificadas no parágrafo 2 abaixo, devem ser decididas pela Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo em sua primeira sessão.



2. 2. Methodologies for estimating anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol shall be those accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties at its third session. Metodologias para estimar emissões antropogénicas por fontes ea remoção por sumidouros de todos os gases com efeito de estufa não controladas pelo Protocolo de Montreal devem ser as aceitas pelo Painel Intergovernamental sobre Alterações Climáticas e acordados pela Conferência das Partes, na sua terceira sessão. Where such methodologies are not used, appropriate adjustments shall be applied according to methodologies agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol at its first session. Sempre que tais métodos não são utilizados, os ajustes apropriados serão aplicados de acordo com metodologias acordadas pela Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo em sua primeira sessão. Based on the work of, inter alia , the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and advice provided by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall regularly review and, as appropriate, revise such methodologies and adjustments, taking fully into account any relevant decisions by the Conference of the Parties. Baseado no trabalho de, nomeadamente, o Painel Intergovernamental sobre Alterações Climáticas e aconselhamento prestados pela Subsidiary Body para Aconselhamento Científico e Tecnológico, a Conferência das Partes servindo como a reunião das Partes do presente protocolo devem rever periodicamente e, conforme o caso , Revisar tais metodologias e ajustes, levando plenamente em conta quaisquer decisões pertinentes pela Conferência das Partes. Any revision to methodologies or adjustments shall be used only for the purposes of ascertaining compliance with commitments under Article 3 in respect of any commitment period adopted subsequent to that revision. Qualquer revisão de metodologias ou ajustes devem ser utilizados apenas para fins de determinar o cumprimento dos compromissos ao abrigo do artigo 3 º em relação a qualquer compromisso adoptado período posterior a essa revisão.



3. 3. The global warming potentials used to calculate the carbon dioxide equivalence of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases listed in Annex A shall be those accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties at its third session. O potencial de aquecimento global utilizados para calcular a equivalência de dióxido de carbono das emissões antropogénicas por fontes e das remoções por sumidouros de gases com efeito de estufa enumerados no anexo A serão as aceites pelo Painel Intergovernamental sobre Alterações Climáticas e acordados pela Conferência das Partes, na sua terceira Sessão. Based on the work of, inter alia , the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and advice provided by the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall regularly review and, as appropriate, revise the global warming potential of each such greenhouse gas, taking fully into account any relevant decisions by the Conference of the Parties. Baseado no trabalho de, nomeadamente, o Painel Intergovernamental sobre Alterações Climáticas e aconselhamento prestados pela Subsidiary Body para Aconselhamento Científico e Tecnológico, a Conferência das Partes servindo como a reunião das Partes do presente protocolo devem rever periodicamente e, conforme o caso , Revisar o potencial de aquecimento global cada um desses gases, tendo devidamente em conta quaisquer decisões pertinentes pela Conferência das Partes. Any revision to a global warming potential shall apply only to commitments under Article 3 in respect of any commitment period adopted subsequent to that revision. Qualquer revisão de um potencial de aquecimento global aplica - se apenas aos compromissos constantes do artigo 3 º em relação a qualquer compromisso adoptado período posterior a essa revisão.




Article 6 Artigo 6 º






1. 1. For the purpose of meeting its commitments under Article 3, any Party included in Para efeitos de cumprimento dos seus compromissos ao abrigo do artigo 3 º, qualquer Parte incluída no

Annex I may transfer to, or acquire from, any other such Party emission reduction units resulting from projects aimed at reducing anthropogenic emissions by sources or enhancing anthropogenic removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in any sector of the economy, provided that: Anexo I pode transferir para, ou adquirir de, a qualquer outro partido unidades de redução de emissões resultantes de projectos destinados a reduzir as emissões antropogénicas por fontes antropogénicas e aumentar a remoção por sumidouros de gases com efeito de estufa em qualquer sector da economia, desde que:



(a) Any such project has the approval of the Parties involved; (Um) Qualquer projeto tem a aprovação das partes envolvidas;



(b) Any such project provides a reduction in emissions by sources, or an enhancement of removals by sinks, that is additional to any that would otherwise occur; (B) Qualquer projecto prevê uma redução das emissões por fontes, ou um acessório de remoção por sumidouros, que é adicional a qualquer outra que possa ocorrer;



(c) It does not acquire any emission reduction units if it is not in compliance with its obligations under Articles 5 and 7; and (C) Não adquirir quaisquer unidades de redução de emissões se não estiver em conformidade com as suas obrigações ao abrigo dos artigos 5 º e 7 º; E



(d) The acquisition of emission reduction units shall be supplemental to domestic actions for the purposes of meeting commitments under Article 3. (D) A aquisição de unidades de redução de emissões deve ser complementar da acção interna para efeitos da reunião compromissos ao abrigo do artigo 3.



2. 2. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol may, at its first session or as soon as practicable thereafter, further elaborate guidelines for the implementation of this Article, including for verification and reporting. A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo pode, na sua primeira sessão ou tão logo que possível posteriormente, elaborar novas orientações para a aplicação do presente artigo, incluindo para verificação e elaboração de relatórios.



3. 3. A Party included in Annex I may authorize legal entities to participate, under its responsibility, in actions leading to the generation, transfer or acquisition under this Article of emission reduction units. Uma Parte incluída no Anexo I pode autorizar entidades legais a participar, sob a sua responsabilidade, em acções conducentes à geração, transferência ou aquisição nos termos do presente artigo de unidades de redução de emissões.



4. 4. If a question of implementation by a Party included in Annex I of the requirements referred to in this Article is identified in accordance with the relevant provisions of Se uma questão de implementação por uma Parte incluída no Anexo I das exigências a que se refere o presente artigo é identificado em conformidade com as disposições pertinentes do

Article 8, transfers and acquisitions of emission reduction units may continue to be made after the question has been identified, provided that any such units may not be used by a Party to meet its commitments under Article 3 until any issue of compliance is resolved. Artigo 8, as transferências e aquisições de unidades de redução de emissões podem continuar a ser feitas depois de a questão ter sido identificada, desde que nenhuma dessas unidades não podem ser utilizadas por uma parte para cumprir os seus compromissos no âmbito do artigo 3 até qualquer questão de cumprimento está resolvido.





Article 7 Artigo 7 º





1. 1. Each Party included in Annex I shall incorporate in its annual inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, submitted in accordance with the relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties, the necessary supplementary information for the purposes of ensuring compliance with Article 3, to be determined in accordance with paragraph 4 below. Cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I devem incorporar no seu inventário anual de emissões antropogénicas por fontes e das remoções por sumidouros de gases com efeito de estufa não controladas pelo Protocolo de Montreal, apresentado em conformidade com as decisões pertinentes da Conferência das Partes, as informações suplementares necessárias para A fim de assegurar a conformidade com o artigo 3 º, deve ser determinado de acordo com o parágrafo 4 abaixo.



2. 2. Each Party included in Annex I shall incorporate in its national communication, submitted under Article 12 of the Convention, the supplementary information necessary to demonstrate compliance with its commitments under this Protocol, to be determined in accordance with paragraph 4 below. Cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I devem incorporar na sua comunicação nacionais, apresentados ao abrigo do artigo 12 º da Convenção, as informações suplementares necessárias para demonstrar a conformidade com os seus compromissos no âmbito do presente protocolo, que será determinada de acordo com o parágrafo 4 abaixo.



3. 3. Each Party included in Annex I shall submit the information required under Cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I devem apresentar as informações exigidas pelo

paragraph 1 above annually, beginning with the first inventory due under the Convention for the first year of the commitment period after this Protocol has entered into force for that Party. Each such Party shall submit the information required under paragraph 2 above as part of the first national communication due under the Convention after this Protocol has entered into force for it and after the adoption of guidelines as provided for in paragraph 4 below. Parágrafo 1 acima anualmente, começando com o primeiro inventário devido ao abrigo da Convenção para o primeiro ano do período de compromisso após o presente Protocolo tiver entrado em vigor para essa parte. Cada essa parte deve apresentar as informações requeridas nos termos do n º 2 acima como parte da primeira Comunicação nacional devida no âmbito da Convenção após o presente protocolo tenha entrado em vigor para ele e, após a adopção das orientações, conforme previsto no parágrafo 4 abaixo. The frequency of subsequent submission of information required under this Article shall be determined by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, taking into account any timetable for the submission of national communications decided upon by the Conference of the Parties. A frequência das posterior apresentação das informações exigidas no presente artigo deve ser determinada pela Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das partes no presente protocolo, tendo em conta qualquer calendário para a apresentação de comunicações nacionais decididas pela Conferência das Partes .



4. 4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall adopt at its first session, and review periodically thereafter, guidelines for the preparation of the information required under this Article, taking into account guidelines for the preparation of national communications by Parties included in Annex I adopted by the Conference of the Parties. A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo adoptará, na sua primeira sessão, e rever depois periodicamente, as orientações para a preparação das informações exigidas no presente artigo, tomando em consideração as orientações para a preparação das comunicações nacionais por Partes incluídas no Anexo I adoptada pela Conferência das Partes. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall also, prior to the first commitment period, decide upon modalities for the accounting of assigned amounts. A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo deve também, antes do primeiro período de compromisso, decidir sobre as modalidades para a contabilização dos montantes atribuídos.





Article 8 Artigo 8 º





1. 1. The information submitted under Article 7 by each Party included in Annex I shall be reviewed by expert review teams pursuant to the relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties and in accordance with guidelines adopted for this purpose by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol under paragraph 4 below. As informações apresentadas ao abrigo do artigo 7 º, cada parte incluída no anexo I será revista pela revisão especializada em conformidade com as equipas decisões pertinentes da Conferência das Partes e em conformidade com as orientações adoptadas para o efeito pela Conferência das Partes servindo como a reunião Das partes do presente protocolo nos termos do n. º 4 abaixo. The information submitted under Article 7, paragraph 1, by each Party included in Annex I shall be reviewed as part of the annual compilation and accounting of emissions inventories and assigned amounts. As informações apresentadas ao abrigo do artigo 7 º, n º 1, por cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I devem ser revistas como parte da compilação anual e contabilização dos inventários de emissões e montantes atribuídos. Additionally, the information submitted under Article 7, paragraph 2, by each Party included in Annex I shall be reviewed as part of the review of communications. Além disso, as informações apresentadas ao abrigo do artigo 7 º, n º 2, por cada uma das partes incluídas no Anexo I devem ser revistas como parte da revisão das comunicações.



2. 2. Expert review teams shall be coordinated by the secretariat and shall be composed of experts selected from those nominated by Parties to the Convention and, as appropriate, by intergovernmental organizations, in accordance with guidance provided for this purpose by the Conference of the Parties. Expert revisão equipas será coordenado pela secretaria e será composto por peritos seleccionados a partir aqueles indicados pelo Partes da Convenção e, quando apropriado, por organizações intergovernamentais, em conformidade com as orientações fornecidas para o efeito pela Conferência das Partes.



3. 3. The review process shall provide a thorough and comprehensive technical assessment O processo de revisão deve fornecer um conhecimento profundo e abrangente avaliação técnica

of all aspects of the implementation by a Party of this Protocol. De todos os aspectos da aplicação por uma parte do presente Protocolo. The expert review teams shall prepare a report to the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol , assessing the implementation of the commitments of the Party and identifying any potential problems in, and factors influencing, the fulfilment of commitments. O perito revisão equipes devem preparar um relatório para a Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo, avaliando a implementação dos compromissos da Parte e identificando quaisquer potenciais problemas, e os factores que influenciam, o cumprimento dos compromissos. Such reports shall be circulated by the secretariat to all Parties to the Convention. Esses relatórios deverão ser divulgado pelo Secretariado a todas as Partes da Convenção. The secretariat shall list those questions of implementation indicated in such reports for further consideration by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. O secretariado lista essas questões de implementação indicadas em tais relatórios para uma maior consideração pela Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo.



4. 4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall adopt at its first session, and review periodically thereafter, guidelines for the review of implementation of this Protocol by expert review teams taking into account the relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties. A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo adoptará, na sua primeira sessão, e rever depois periodicamente, as orientações para a revisão da implementação deste Protocolo por equipes perito revisão tendo em conta as decisões da Conferência dos As partes.



5. 5. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, with the assistance of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation and, as appropriate, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice, consider: A Conferência das Partes servindo como a reunião das Partes do presente protocolo, com a ajuda do Corpo subsidiária para Implementação e, conforme o caso, o órgão subsidiário para Aconselhamento Científico e Tecnológico, considerar:



(a) The information submitted by Parties under Article 7 and the reports of the expert reviews thereon conducted under this Article; and (A) A informação fornecida pelas Partes, nos termos do artigo 7 º e os relatórios dos peritos opiniões nela realizadas ao abrigo do presente artigo; E



(b) Those questions of implementation listed by the secretariat under (B) As questões de implementação listadas pelo secretariado no âmbito

paragraph 3 above, as well as any questions raised by Parties. Parágrafo 3 acima, bem como de quaisquer questões suscitadas pelas partes.



6. 6. Pursuant to its consideration of the information referred to in paragraph 5 above, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall take decisions on any matter required for the implementation of this Protocol. Em conformidade com a sua análise das informações referidas no parágrafo 5 acima, a Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo tomará decisões sobre qualquer assunto necessário para a implementação do presente protocolo.





Article 9 Artigo 9 º





1. 1. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall periodically review this Protocol in the light of the best available scientific information and assessments on climate change and its impacts, as well as relevant technical, social and economic information. A Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das partes no presente protocolo examinará periodicamente este Protocolo à luz das melhores informações e avaliações científicas disponíveis sobre as alterações climáticas e os seus impactos, bem como as técnicas, sociais e económicas informações. Such reviews shall be coordinated with pertinent reviews under the Convention, in particular those required by Article 4, paragraph 2(d), and Article 7, Tais revisões devem ser coordenadas com revisões pertinentes ao abrigo da Convenção, em especial as referidas no artigo 4 º, n º 2 (d), e no artigo 7 º,

paragraph 2(a), of the Convention. N º 2 (um), da Convenção. Based on these reviews, the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall take appropriate action. Com base nestes revisões, a Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo tomará as medidas adequadas.



2. 2. The first review shall take place at the second session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. A primeira revisão deve ter lugar na segunda sessão da Conferência das Partes servindo como na reunião das Partes no presente Protocolo. Further reviews shall take place at regular intervals and in a timely manner. Outras opiniões realizar - se - á em intervalos regulares e em tempo oportuno.





Article 10 Artigo 10





All Parties, taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and Todas as partes, tendo em conta as suas responsabilidades comuns mas diferenciadas e

their specific national and regional development priorities, objectives and circumstances, without introducing any new commitments for Parties not included in Annex I, but reaffirming existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, and continuing to advance the implementation of these commitments in order to achieve sustainable development, taking into account Article 4, paragraphs 3, 5 and 7, of the Convention, shall: As especificidades nacionais e regionais de desenvolvimento prioridades, objectivos e condições, sem introduzir quaisquer novas autorizações para Partes não incluídas no Anexo I, mas reafirmando compromissos existentes ao abrigo do artigo 4 º, n º 1, da Convenção, e continuando a fazer avançar a implementação desses compromissos em Intuito de atingir o desenvolvimento sustentável, tendo em conta o artigo 4 º, n º s 3, 5 e 7, da Convenção, devem:





(a) Formulate, where relevant and to the extent possible, cost-effective national (A) Formular, se for caso disso e na medida do possível, relação custo - eficácia nacional

and, where appropriate, regional programmes to improve the quality of local emission factors, activity data and/or models which reflect the socio-economic conditions of each Party for the preparation and periodic updating of national inventories of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, using comparable methodologies to be agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties, and consistent with the guidelines for the preparation of national communications adopted by the Conference of the Parties; E, se for caso disso, os programas regionais para melhorar a qualidade dos fatores locais de emissão, a actividade de dados e / ou modelos que reflictam as condições sócio - econômicas de cada parte para a preparação e actualização periódica dos inventários nacionais das emissões antropogénicas por fontes e das remoções por sumidouros De todos os gases com efeito de estufa não controladas pelo Protocolo de Montreal, através de metodologias comparáveis a serem acordadas pela Conferência das Partes, e consistentes com as diretrizes para a elaboração das comunicações nacionais adoptadas pela Conferência das Partes;



(b) Formulate, implement, publish and regularly update national and, where appropriate, regional programmes containing measures to mitigate climate change and measures to facilitate adequate adaptation to climate change: (B) Formular, implementar, publicar e actualizar regularmente nacionais e, se for caso disso, os programas regionais contendo medidas para mitigar as alterações climáticas e as medidas adequadas para facilitar a adaptação às alterações climáticas:



(i) Such programmes would, inter alia , concern the energy, transport and industry sectors as well as agriculture, forestry and waste management. : (I) Tais programas seriam, nomeadamente, a preocupação da energia, dos transportes e da indústria, bem como setores da agricultura, da silvicultura e de gestão dos resíduos. Furthermore, adaptation technologies and methods for improving spatial planning would improve adaptation to climate change; and Além disso, a adaptação tecnologias e métodos para melhorar de ordenamento do território, melhorar a adaptação às alterações climáticas; E



(ii) Parties included in Annex I shall submit information on action under this Protocol, including national programmes, in accordance with Article 7; and other Parties shall seek to include in their national communications, as appropriate, information on programmes which contain measures that the Party believes contribute to addressing climate change and its adverse impacts, including the abatement of increases in greenhouse gas emissions, and enhancement of and removals by sinks, capacity building and adaptation measures; (B) Partes incluídas no Anexo I devem apresentar informações sobre as acções no âmbito do presente protocolo, incluindo os programas nacionais, em conformidade com o artigo 7 º; E outras partes devem procurar a incluir nas suas comunicações nacionais, conforme o caso, informações sobre programas que contenham medidas que a Parte acredita contribuir para enfrentar as alterações climáticas e os seus impactos adversos, incluindo a redução dos aumentos das emissões de gases de estufa, e valorização do e remoções por sumidouros, capacitação e adaptação medidas;



(c) Cooperate in the promotion of effective modalities for the development, application and diffusion of, and take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies, know-how, practices and processes pertinent to climate change, in particular to developing countries, including the formulation of policies and programmes for the effective transfer of (C) Cooperar na promoção de modalidades efectivas para o desenvolvimento, aplicação e difusão de, e tomar todas as medidas viáveis para promover, facilitar e financiar, conforme o caso, a transferência de, ou o acesso a, tecnologias ambientalmente corretas, saber - fazer, Práticas e processos pertinentes para as alterações climáticas, em particular para os países em desenvolvimento, incluindo a formulação de políticas e programas para a efectiva transferência de

environmentally sound technologies that are publicly owned or in the public domain and the creation of an enabling environment for the private sector, to promote and enhance the transfer of, and access to, environmentally sound technologies; Tecnologias ecologicamente correctas que são propriedade pública ou de domínio público ea criação de um ambiente propício para o setor privado, para promover e reforçar a transferência de, e acesso a tecnologias ecologicamente correctas;



(d) Cooperate in scientific and technical research and promote the maintenance and the development of systematic observation systems and development of data archives to reduce uncertainties related to the climate system, the adverse impacts of climate change and the economic and social consequences of various response strategies, and promote the development and strengthening of endogenous capacities and capabilities to participate in international and intergovernmental efforts, programmes and networks on research and systematic observation, taking into account Article 5 of the Convention; (D) Cooperar na investigação científica e técnica e promover a manutenção eo desenvolvimento de sistemas de observação sistemática eo desenvolvimento de arquivos de dados para reduzir as incertezas relacionadas ao sistema climático, os impactes adversos das alterações climáticas e as consequências económicas e sociais das várias estratégias resposta , E promover o desenvolvimento eo reforço das capacidades e potencialidades endógenas para participar nos esforços internacionais e intergovernamentais, programas e redes de investigação e observação sistemática, tendo em conta o artigo 5 da Convenção;









(e) Cooperate in and promote at the international level, and, where appropriate, (Ae) Cooperar e promover nos, a nível internacional, e, se for caso disso,

using existing bodies, the development and implementation of education and training programmes, including the strengthening of national capacity building, in particular human and institutional capacities and the exchange or secondment of personnel to train experts in this field, in particular for developing countries, and facilitate at the national level public awareness of, and public access to information on, climate change. Utilizando organismos existentes, o desenvolvimento ea implementação de programas educativos e de formação, incluindo o reforço das capacidades nacionais, nomeadamente humanos e das capacidades institucionais e do intercâmbio ou destacamento de pessoal para formar peritos neste domínio, em particular para os países em desenvolvimento, e facilitar , A nível nacional, da sensibilização da opinião pública, bem como o acesso público à informação em matéria de alterações climáticas. Suitable modalities should be developed to implement these activities through the relevant bodies of the Convention, taking into account Article 6 of the Convention; Adequado modalidades devem ser desenvolvidas para implementar estas actividades através dos órgãos relevantes da Convenção, tendo em conta o artigo 6 º da Convenção;



(f) Include in their national communications information on programmes and activities undertaken pursuant to this Article in accordance with relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties; and (Af) Incluir nas suas comunicações nacionais informação sobre programas e actividades desenvolvidas ao abrigo do presente artigo, em conformidade com as decisões da Conferência das Partes; E



(g) Give full consideration, in implementing the commitments under this Article, to Article 4, paragraph 8, of the Convention.





Article 11





1. In the implementation of Article 10, Parties shall take into account the provisions of Article 4, paragraphs 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9, of the Convention.



2. In the context of the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, in accordance with the provisions of Article 4, paragraph 3, and Article 11 of the Convention, and through the entity or entities entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism of the Convention, the developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II to the Convention shall: In the context of the implementation of Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention, in accordance with the provisions of Article 4, paragraph 3, and Article 11 of the Convention, and through the entity or entities entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism of the Convention, the developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in Annex II to the Convention shall:



(a) Provide new and additional financial resources to meet the agreed full costs incurred by developing country Parties in advancing the implementation of existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1(a), of the Convention that are covered in

Article 10, subparagraph (a); and



(b) Also provide such financial resources, including for the transfer of technology, needed by the developing country Parties to meet the agreed full incremental costs of advancing the implementation of existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention that are covered by Article 10 and that are agreed between a developing country Party and the international entity or entities referred to in Article 11 of the Convention, in accordance with that Article. (b) Also provide such financial resources, including for the transfer of technology, needed by the developing country Parties to meet the agreed full incremental costs of advancing the implementation of existing commitments under Article 4, paragraph 1, of the Convention that are covered by Article 10 and that are agreed between a developing country Party and the international entity or entities referred to in Article 11 of the Convention, in accordance with that Article.



The implementation of these existing commitments shall take into account the need for adequacy and predictability in the flow of funds and the importance of appropriate burden sharing among developed country Parties. The guidance to the entity or entities entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism of the Convention in relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties, including those agreed before the adoption of this Protocol, shall apply mutatis mutandis to the provisions of this paragraph.





3. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties in Annex II to the

Convention may also provide, and developing country Parties avail themselves of, financial resources for the implementation of Article 10, through bilateral, regional and other multilateral channels.





Article 12





1. A clean development mechanism is hereby defined.



2. The purpose of the clean development mechanism shall be to assist Parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable development and in contributing to the ultimate objective of the Convention, and to assist Parties included in Annex I in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3. The purpose of the clean development mechanism shall be to assist Parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable development and in contributing to the ultimate objective of the Convention, and to assist Parties included in Annex I in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3.



3. Under the clean development mechanism:



(a) Parties not included in Annex I will benefit from project activities resulting in certified emission reductions; and



(b) Parties included in Annex I may use the certified emission reductions accruing from such project activities to contribute to compliance with part of their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3, as determined by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. (b) Parties included in Annex I may use the certified emission reductions accruing from such project activities to contribute to compliance with part of their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under Article 3, as determined by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol.



4. The clean development mechanism shall be subject to the authority and guidance of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol and be supervised by an executive board of the clean development mechanism.



5. Emission reductions resulting from each project activity shall be certified by operational entities to be designated by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, on the basis of:



(a) Voluntary participation approved by each Party involved;



(b) Real, measurable, and long-term benefits related to the mitigation of climate change; and



(c) Reductions in emissions that are additional to any that would occur in the absence of the certified project activity.



6. The clean development mechanism shall assist in arranging funding of certified project activities as necessary.











7. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, elaborate modalities and procedures with the objective of ensuring transparency, efficiency and accountability through independent auditing and verification of project activities.



8. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall ensure that a share of the proceeds from certified project activities is used to cover administrative expenses as well as to assist developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change to meet the costs of adaptation. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall ensure that a share of the proceeds from certified project activities is used to cover administrative expenses as well as to assist developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change to meet the costs of adaptation.



9. Participation under the clean development mechanism, including in activities mentioned in paragraph 3(a) above and in the acquisition of certified emission reductions, may involve private and/or public entities, and is to be subject to whatever guidance may be provided by the executive board of the clean development mechanism. Participation under the clean development mechanism, including in activities mentioned in paragraph 3(a) above and in the acquisition of certified emission reductions, may involve private and/or public entities, and is to be subject to whatever guidance may be provided by the executive board of the clean development mechanism.



10. Certified emission reductions obtained during the period from the year 2000 up to the beginning of the first commitment period can be used to assist in achieving compliance in the first commitment period.





Article 13





1. The Conference of the Parties, the supreme body of the Convention, shall serve as the

meeting of the Parties to this Protocol.



2. Parties to the Convention that are not Parties to this Protocol may participate as

observers in the proceedings of any session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, decisions under this Protocol shall be taken only by those that are Parties to this Protocol.



3. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, any member of the Bureau of the Conference of the Parties representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a Party to this Protocol, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Protocol. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, any member of the Bureau of the Conference of the Parties representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a Party to this Protocol, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Protocol.



4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall keep under regular review the implementation of this Protocol and shall make, within its mandate, the decisions necessary to promote its effective implementation. It shall perform the functions assigned to it by this Protocol and shall:



(a) Assess, on the basis of all information made available to it in accordance with

the provisions of this Protocol, the implementation of this Protocol by the Parties, the overall effects of the measures taken pursuant to this Protocol, in particular environmental, economic and social effects as well as their cumulative impacts and the extent to which progress towards the objective of the Convention is being achieved; the provisions of this Protocol, the implementation of this Protocol by the Parties, the overall effects of the measures taken pursuant to this Protocol, in particular environmental, economic and social effects as well as their cumulative impacts and the extent to which progress towards the objective of the Convention is being achieved;





(b) Periodically examine the obligations of the Parties under this Protocol, giving due consideration to any reviews required by Article 4, paragraph 2(d), and Article 7, paragraph 2, of the Convention, in the light of the objective of the Convention, the experience gained in its implementation and the evolution of scientific and technological knowledge, and in this respect consider and adopt regular reports on the implementation of this Protocol; (b) Periodically examine the obligations of the Parties under this Protocol, giving due consideration to any reviews required by Article 4, paragraph 2(d), and Article 7, paragraph 2, of the Convention, in the light of the objective of the Convention, the experience gained in its implementation and the evolution of scientific and technological knowledge, and in this respect consider and adopt regular reports on the implementation of this Protocol;



(c) Promote and facilitate the exchange of information on measures adopted by the Parties to address climate change and its effects, taking into account the differing circumstances, responsibilities and capabilities of the Parties and their respective commitments under this Protocol;



(d) Facilitate, at the request of two or more Parties, the coordination of measures adopted by them to address climate change and its effects, taking into account the differing circumstances, responsibilities and capabilities of the Parties and their respective commitments under this Protocol;



(e) Promote and guide, in accordance with the objective of the Convention and the provisions of this Protocol, and taking fully into account the relevant decisions by the Conference of the Parties, the development and periodic refinement of comparable methodologies for the effective implementation of this Protocol, to be agreed on by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol; (e) Promote and guide, in accordance with the objective of the Convention and the provisions of this Protocol, and taking fully into account the relevant decisions by the Conference of the Parties, the development and periodic refinement of comparable methodologies for the effective implementation of this Protocol, to be agreed on by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol;



(f) Make recommendations on any matters necessary for the implementation of this Protocol;



(g) Seek to mobilize additional financial resources in accordance with

Article 11, paragraph 2;



(h) Establish such subsidiary bodies as are deemed necessary for the implementation of this Protocol;



(i) Seek and utilize, where appropriate, the services and cooperation of, and information provided by, competent international organizations and intergovernmental and non-governmental bodies; and



(j) Exercise such other functions as may be required for the implementation of this Protocol, and consider any assignment resulting from a decision by the Conference of the Parties.



5. The rules of procedure of the Conference of the Parties and financial procedures applied under the Convention shall be applied mutatis mutandis under this Protocol, except as may be otherwise decided by consensus by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. The rules of procedure of the Conference of the Parties and financial procedures applied under the Convention shall be applied mutatis mutandis under this Protocol, except as may be otherwise decided by consensus by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol .



6. The first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall be convened by the secretariat in conjunction with the first session of the Conference of the Parties that is scheduled after the date of the entry into force of this Protocol. The first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall be convened by the secretariat in conjunction with the first session of the Conference of the Parties that is scheduled after the date of the entry into force of this Protocol. Subsequent ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall be held every year and in conjunction with ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties, unless otherwise decided by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. Subsequent ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall be held every year and in conjunction with ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties, unless otherwise decided by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol.



7. Extraordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the

Parties to this Protocol shall be held at such other times as may be deemed necessary by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, or at the written request of any Party, provided that, within six months of the request being communicated to the Parties by the secretariat, it is supported by at least one third of the Parties. Parties to this Protocol shall be held at such other times as may be deemed necessary by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol, or at the written request of any Party, provided that, within six months of the request being communicated to the Parties by the secretariat, it is supported by at least one third of the Parties.



8. The United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy

Agency, as well as any State member thereof or observers thereto not party to the Convention, may be represented at sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol as observers. Any body or agency, whether national or international, governmental or non-governmental, which is qualified in matters covered by this Protocol and which has informed the secretariat of its wish to be represented at a session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol as an observer, may be so admitted unless at least one third of the Parties present object. Any body or agency, whether national or international, governmental or non-governmental, which is qualified in matters covered by this Protocol and which has informed the secretariat of its wish to be represented at a session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol as an observer, may be so admitted unless at least one third of the Parties present object. The admission and participation of observers shall be subject to the rules of procedure, as referred to in

paragraph 5 above.




Article 14






1. The secretariat established by Article 8 of the Convention shall serve as the secretariat of this Protocol.



2. Article 8, paragraph 2, of the Convention on the functions of the secretariat, and

Article 8, paragraph 3, of the Convention on arrangements made for the functioning of the secretariat, shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Protocol. The secretariat shall, in addition, exercise the functions assigned to it under this Protocol.





Article 15





1. The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation established by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention shall serve as, respectively, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Protocol. The provisions relating to the functioning of these two bodies under the Convention shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Protocol. Sessions of the meetings of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Protocol shall be held in conjunction with the meetings of, respectively, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of the Convention. Sessions of the meetings of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Protocol shall be held in conjunction with the meetings of, respectively, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of the Convention.



2. Parties to the Convention that are not Parties to this Protocol may participate as observers in the proceedings of any session of the subsidiary bodies. When the subsidiary bodies serve as the subsidiary bodies of this Protocol, decisions under this Protocol shall be taken only by those that are Parties to this Protocol.



3. When the subsidiary bodies established by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention exercise their functions with regard to matters concerning this Protocol, any member of the Bureaux of those subsidiary bodies representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a party to this Protocol, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Protocol. When the subsidiary bodies established by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention exercise their functions with regard to matters concerning this Protocol, any member of the Bureaux of those subsidiary bodies representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a party to this Protocol, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Protocol.




Article 16






The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, as soon as practicable, consider the application to this Protocol of, and modify as appropriate, the multilateral consultative process referred to in Article 13 of the Convention, in the light of any relevant decisions that may be taken by the Conference of the Parties. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, as soon as practicable, consider the application to this Protocol of, and modify as appropriate, the multilateral consultative process referred to in Article 13 of the Convention, in the light of any relevant decisions that may be taken by the Conference of the Parties. Any multilateral consultative process that may be applied to this Protocol shall operate without prejudice to the procedures and mechanisms established in accordance with Article 18.





Article 17





The Conference of the Parties shall define the relevant principles, modalities, rules and guidelines, in particular for verification, reporting and accountability for emissions trading. The Parties included in Annex B may participate in emissions trading for the purposes of fulfilling their commitments under Article 3. The Conference of the Parties shall define the relevant principles, modalities, rules and guidelines, in particular for verification, reporting and accountability for emissions trading. The Parties included in Annex B may participate in emissions trading for the purposes of fulfilling their commitments under Article 3 . Any such trading shall be supplemental to domestic actions for the purpose of meeting quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments under that Article.




Article 18





The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, approve appropriate and effective procedures and mechanisms to determine and to address cases of non-compliance with the provisions of this Protocol, including through the development of an indicative list of consequences, taking into account the cause, type, degree and frequency of non-compliance. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol shall, at its first session, approve appropriate and effective procedures and mechanisms to determine and to address cases of non-compliance with the provisions of this Protocol, including through the development of an indicative list of consequences, taking into account the cause, type, degree and frequency of non-compliance. Any procedures and mechanisms under this Article entailing binding consequences shall be adopted by means of an amendment to this Protocol.



Article 19






The provisions of Article 14 of the Convention on settlement of disputes shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Protocol.









Article 20



1. Any Party may propose amendments to this Protocol.



2. Amendments to this Protocol shall be adopted at an ordinary session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. The text of any proposed amendment to this Protocol shall be communicated to the Parties by the secretariat at least six months before the meeting at which it is proposed for adoption. The secretariat shall also communicate the text of any proposed amendments to the Parties and signatories to the Convention and, for information, to the Depositary.



3. The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on any proposed amendment to this Protocol by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no agreement reached, the amendment shall as a last resort be adopted by a three-fourths majority vote of the Parties present and voting at the meeting. The adopted amendment shall be communicated by the secretariat to the Depositary, who shall circulate it to all Parties for their acceptance.



4. Instruments of acceptance in respect of an amendment shall be deposited with the Depositary. An amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 3 above shall enter into force for those Parties having accepted it on the ninetieth day after the date of receipt by the Depositary of an instrument of acceptance by at least three fourths of the Parties to this Protocol.



5. The amendment shall enter into force for any other Party on the ninetieth day after the date on which that Party deposits with the Depositary its instrument of acceptance of the said amendment.





Article 21



1. Annexes to this Protocol shall form an integral part thereof and, unless otherwise expressly provided, a reference to this Protocol constitutes at the same time a reference to any annexes thereto. Any annexes adopted after the entry into force of this Protocol shall be restricted to lists, forms and any other material of a descriptive nature that is of a scientific, technical, procedural or administrative character.



2. Any Party may make proposals for an annex to this Protocol and may propose amendments to annexes to this Protocol.



3. Annexes to this Protocol and amendments to annexes to this Protocol shall be adopted at an ordinary session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol. The text of any proposed annex or amendment to an annex shall be communicated to the Parties by the secretariat at least six months before the meeting at which it is proposed for adoption. The secretariat shall also communicate the text of any proposed annex or amendment to an annex to the Parties and signatories to the Convention and, for information, to the Depositary.



4. The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on any proposed annex or amendment to an annex by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no agreement reached, the annex or amendment to an annex shall as a last resort be adopted by a three-fourths majority vote of the Parties present and voting at the meeting. The adopted annex or amendment to an annex shall be communicated by the secretariat to the Depositary, who shall circulate it to all Parties for their acceptance.



5. An annex, or amendment to an annex other than Annex A or B, that has been adopted in accordance with paragraphs 3 and 4 above shall enter into force for all Parties to this Protocol six months after the date of the communication by the Depositary to such Parties of the adoption of the annex or adoption of the amendment to the annex, except for those Parties that have notified the Depositary, in writing, within that period of their non-acceptance of the annex or amendment to the annex. An annex, or amendment to an annex other than Annex A or B, that has been adopted in accordance with paragraphs 3 and 4 above shall enter into force for all Parties to this Protocol six months after the date of the communication by the Depositary to such Parties of the adoption of the annex or adoption of the amendment to the annex, except for those Parties that have notified the Depositary, in writing, within that period of their non-acceptance of the annex or amendment to the annex. The annex or amendment to an annex shall enter into force for Parties which withdraw their notification of non-acceptance on the ninetieth day after the date on which withdrawal of such notification has been received by the Depositary.



6. If the adoption of an annex or an amendment to an annex involves an amendment to this Protocol, that annex or amendment to an annex shall not enter into force until such time as the amendment to this Protocol enters into force.



7. Amendments to Annexes A and B to this Protocol shall be adopted and enter into force in accordance with the procedure set out in Article 20, provided that any amendment to Annex B shall be adopted only with the written consent of the Party concerned .





Article 22



1. Each Party shall have one vote, except as provided for in paragraph 2 below.



2. Regional economic integration organizations, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States that are Parties to this Protocol. Such an organization shall not exercise its right to vote if any of its member States exercises its right, and vice versa.





Article 23





The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be the Depositary of this Protocol.





Article 24



1. This Protocol shall be open for signature and subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and regional economic integration organizations which are Parties to the Convention. It shall be open for signature at United Nations Headquarters in New York from

16 March 1998 to 15 March 1999. This Protocol shall be open for accession from the day after the date on which it is closed for signature. Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be deposited with the Depositary.



2. Any regional economic integration organization which becomes a Party to this Protocol without any of its member States being a Party shall be bound by all the obligations under this Protocol. In the case of such organizations, one or more of whose member States is a Party to this Protocol, the organization and its member States shall decide on their respective responsibilities for the performance of their obligations under this Protocol. In such cases, the organization and the member States shall not be entitled to exercise rights under this Protocol concurrently.



3. In their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Protocol. These organizations shall also inform the Depositary, who shall in turn inform the Parties, of any substantial modification in the extent of their competence.




Article 25






1. This Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date on which not less than 55 Parties to the Convention, incorporating Parties included in Annex I which accounted in total for at least 55 per cent of the total carbon dioxide emissions for 1990 of the Parties included in Annex I, have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. This Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date on which not less than 55 Parties to the Convention, incorporating Parties included in Annex I which accounted in total for at least 55 per cent of the total carbon dioxide emissions for 1990 of the Parties included in Annex I, have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.



2. For the purposes of this Article, "the total carbon dioxide emissions for 1990 of the Parties included in Annex I" means the amount communicated on or before the date of adoption of this Protocol by the Parties included in Annex I in their first national communications submitted in accordance with Article 12 of the Convention. For the purposes of this Article, "the total carbon dioxide emissions for 1990 of the Parties included in Annex I" means the amount communicated on or before the date of adoption of this Protocol by the Parties included in Annex I in their first national communications submitted in accordance with Article 12 of the Convention.



3. For each State or regional economic integration organization that ratifies, accepts or

approves this Protocol or accedes thereto after the conditions set out in paragraph 1 above for entry into force have been fulfilled, this Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day following the date of deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.



4. For the purposes of this Article, any instrument deposited by a regional economic

integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by States members of the organization.




Article 26






No reservations may be made to this Protocol.




Article 27






1. At any time after three years from the date on which this Protocol has entered into force for a Party, that Party may withdraw from this Protocol by giving written notification to the Depositary.



2. Any such withdrawal shall take effect upon expiry of one year from the date of receipt by the Depositary of the notification of withdrawal, or on such later date as may be specified in the notification of withdrawal.



3. Any Party that withdraws from the Convention shall be considered as also having withdrawn from this Protocol.









Article 28





The original of this Protocol, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the

United Nations.



DONE at Kyoto this eleventh day of December one thousand nine hundred and

ninety-seven.



IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized to that effect, have affixed their signatures to this Protocol on the dates indicated.



Annex A





Greenhouse gases



Carbon dioxide (CO 2 )

Methane (CH 4 )

Nitrous oxide (N 2 O)

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)

Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

Sulphur hexafluoride (SF 6 )



Sectors/source categories



Energy

Fuel combustion

Energy industries

Manufacturing industries and construction

Transport

Other sectors

Other

Fugitive emissions from fuels

Solid fuels

Oil and natural gas

Other



Industrial processes

Mineral products

Chemical industry

Metal production

Other production

Production of halocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride

Consumption of halocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride

Other



Solvent and other product use



Agriculture

Enteric fermentation

Manure management

Rice cultivation

Agricultural soils

Prescribed burning of savannas

Field burning of agricultural residues

Other







Waste

Solid waste disposal on land

Wastewater handling

Waste incineration

Other



Annex B





Party Quantified emission limitation or

reduction commitment

(percentage of base year or period)



Australia 108

Austria 92

Belgium 92

Bulgaria* 92

Canada 94

Croatia* 95

Czech Republic* 92

Denmark 92

Estonia* 92

European Community 92

Finland 92

France 92

Germany 92

Greece 92

Hungary* 94

Iceland 110

Ireland 92

Italy 92

Japan 94

Latvia* 92

Liechtenstein 92

Lithuania* 92

Luxembourg 92

Monaco 92

Netherlands 92

New Zealand 100

Norway 101

Poland* 94

Portugal 92

Romania* 92

Russian Federation* 100

Slovakia* 92

Slovenia* 92

Spain 92

Sweden 92

Switzerland 92

Ukraine* 100

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 92

United States of America 93

* Countries that are undergoing the process of transition to a market economy